ToolboxPracticum

Pulmonary / Acid–Base

ABG Interpreter

Enter pH, PaCO₂, and HCO₃⁻ for a focused acid–base interpretation and step-by-step reasoning.

pH

Reference range: 7.35–7.45

PaCO₂ (mmHg)

Reference range: 35–45 mmHg

HCO₃⁻ (mEq/L)

Reference range: 22–26 mEq/L